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Poland is one of the largest countries in the European Union. With a population of almost 40 million and the status of the fastest growing economy in Central Europe, Poland is an ideal country to do business. Deciding to establish a company in Poland is the right choice!

Establishing a company and doing business in Poland

Poland is attractive to Czech entrepreneurs due to its size and the fact that it successfully weathered the economic crisis in 2010. Perfect for international business. Poland is a jurisdiction with an extensive double taxation treaty system.

Neighborly relations. This is our northern neighbor. Geographic proximity is advantageous for the management of your company. The geographical location is also suitable for entering other eastern markets, especially the markets of the Baltic republics. The most frequently used form of company is Spolka z ograniczoną odpowiedzione (Sp. Z oo), equivalent to our limited liability company, and associations akcyjna (SA), which corresponds to a joint-stock company.

When establishing a company, one shareholder and one secretary are required. The minimum share capital is PLN 5,000 and the minimum nominal value of each share should be PLN 50. The company is obliged to have its registered office in Poland, it must keep accounts and submit tax returns.

For liabilities sp. z o.o. guarantees the company with its assets, if the execution against the company proves to be fruitless, the executives can also be held liable. The partners are not liable for the company's obli­gations. S. must have mandatory company bodies – a board of directors and a supervisory board (must have at least 3 members appointed for a maximum period of 5 years). The share capital is PLN 500,000, and the shareholder can be either a natural person or a legal entity.

The basic corporate income tax rate applied to taxable income is 19 %. The tax on the payment of dividends is 19%, so when combined with income tax, this is a fairly significant percentage. It is therefore advisable to use tax optimization tools. If the turnover of a Polish company exceeds PLN 100,000, the company must register as a VAT payer. Its basic rate is 23 %, reduced VAT rates are 8 %, 5 % and 0 %.

We will also help you with the establishment of bank accounts for your company in Poland and with other formalities necessary for your business in Poland.

If you want to start a business in Poland quickly, we also have Polish ready-made companies that we can offer you immediately.

Basic information

  • Type of legal entity: Limited liability company (Sp. Z oo)
  • Establishment period: 15 working days
  • Number of shareholders: minimum 1, maximum not specified
  • Shareholders: they can be FO or business entities
  • Share capital: PLN 5,000 (minimum EUR 1,200), the maximum is not defined
  • Shares on bearer: not allowed
  • A registered address in Poland is required
  • Local registered agent is not required
  • Directors: the minimum is 1, a natural person
  • Resident function of the director: directors do not have to live in Poland

Taxation

  • Corporate income tax is 19 %
  • Branch tax rate 19 %
  • Capital gains tax is 19 %
  • The dividend tax rate is 19 %
  • Interests, copyright fees 20 %
  • Net operating losses can be carried against income for 5 years forward
  • The standard VAT rate for most goods and services is 23 %. Reduced rates applied to food, books, some other goods
  • VAT registration is mandatory if the company's taxable turnover in the last 12 months has exceeded PLN 150,000 (approx. EUR 34,300)
  • Double taxation agreements have been used with more than 60 countries, determining tax rates on dividends, interest and royalties
  • Accounting. Accounting and preparation of accounts is necessary, filing of tax return is necessary
  • The audit is not mandatory
  • Anonymity and privacy. Information about administrators and shareholders is published in the company register

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